Artificial Intelligence Solved MCQ Questions and Answers for MCA, BCA, IT Courses of distance and regular mode exams.
1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the newest disciplines, formally initiated in ___ when the name was coined.
Ans. 1956
2. AI is the part of computer science concerned with designing ___ computer systems.
Ans. intelligent
3. ___ are used regularly in manufacturing.
Ans. Robots
4. Expert systems are not used regularly in finance, medicine.
Ans. False
5. During the 1940s and 1950s, Norbert Wiener, coined the term ___.
Ans. Cybernetics
6. In late___, Newell and Simon developed The Logic Theorist, considered by many to be the first AI program.
Ans. 1955
7. In ___ the first computer-controlled autonomous vehicle, the Stanford Cart, is built.
Ans. 1979
8. The European Common Market countries have jointly initiated a separate cooperative plan named the ___ program.
Ans. ESPRIT
9. ALV stands for ___.
Ans. Autonomous Land Vehicle
10. Which consortium was formed to develop advanced technologies that apply AI techniques?
Ans. Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation (MCC)
11. Minsky (1985) in his book ___ provides a long and formidable list of attributes of intelligence.
Ans. The Society of Mind
12. The ___ principle of AI is the physical symbol system hypothesis.
Ans. second
13. The ___ principle is also used in language processing where words can have many meanings.
Ans. fourth
14. What is the fourth principle of AI?
Ans. search compensates for lack of knowledge
15. ___ is perhaps one area that has been studied continuously since the birth of artificial intelligence in 1956.
Ans. Chess
16. ___ is using an Injection Molding Advisor to diagnose faults and suggest repairs for plastic injection moulding mechanisms.
Ans. Kodak
17. Successful demonstrations in vision from 1965 to 1975 were limited to problems in which ___ such as shadows, highlights, and occlusions were not too troublesome.
Ans. 3-D phenomena
18. The ___ is a self-contained laboratory vehicle for research in autonomous outdoor navigation.
Ans. Navlab
19. ___ are the sequence of events that occur.
Ans. Scenes
20. Which study shows that the number of deployed expert systems increased from 50 in 1987 to 1400 in 1988?
Ans. Gartner Study
21. State space search is a process used in the field of ___ in which successive configurations or states of an instance are considered, with the goal of finding a goal state with the desired property.
Ans. Artificial intelligence (AI)
22. State-space search used in AI is the same as traditional computer science search methods. (State True or False)
Ans. False
23. ___ are good representations for board games such as Tic-Tac-Toe.
Ans. State spaces
24. A ___ is a computer program typically used to provide some form of artificial intelligence, which consists primarily of a set of rules about behaviour.
Ans. Production system (or production rule system)
25. ___ searches are performed by diving downward into a tree as quickly as possible.
Ans. Depth-first
26. Heuristics is a rule of thumb or judgmental technique that leads to a solution some of the time but provides no guarantee of success. (State True or False)
Ans. True
27. What is the time complexity of Depth-First search?
Ans. O(bd).
28. Generate-and-test, like depth-first search, requires that ___ ___ solutions be generated for testing.
Ans. complete
29. Understanding natural language often requires knowledge of typical ___.
Ans. sequences
30. ___ performs structure elucidation in organic chemistry based on data from a mass spectrometer
Ans. Dendral
31. Knowledge representation is an area of ___ whose fundamental goal is to represent knowledge in a manner that facilitates inferencing from knowledge.
Ans. Artificial intelligence
32. We usually define the representation in terms of ___ that can be manipulated by programs.
Ans. Symbols
33. What is the central issue in knowledge representation?
Ans. Retrieval
34. In the ___ formal computer knowledge representation languages and systems arose.
Ans. 1980s
35. ___ is accumulated knowledge about the world.
Ans. Long-term Knowledge
36. The collection of long-term knowledge is often called a ___ ___.
Ans. knowledge base
37. ___ is the ability to represent the required knowledge.
Ans. Representational Adequacy
38. The simplest way of storing facts is to use a ___ method where each fact about a set of objects is set out systematically in columns.
Ans. Relational
39. What represents knowledge as formal logic?
Ans. Inferential knowledge
40. Sometimes values of attributes are specified explicitly when a ___ base is created.
Ans. Knowledge
41. Separate levels of understanding require different levels of ___.
Ans. Primitives
42. Choosing the Granularity of Representation Primitives are fundamental concepts such as holding, seeing.
(State True or False)
Ans. True
43. FOPL stands for ___.
Ans. First-Order Predicate Logic
44. ___ is a variant of generate-and-test in which feedback from the test procedure is used to help the generator decide which direction to move in the search space.
Ans. Hill climbing
45. What is the annealing schedule?
Ans. Annealing schedule is the rate at which the system is cooled.
46. Best First Search is a combination of ___ searches.
Ans. Depth-first and breadth-first
47. ___ is a priority queue of nodes that have been evaluated by the heuristic function but which have not yet been expanded into successors.
Ans. OPEN
48. ___ will always find an optimal path to a goal if the heuristic function is admissible.
Ans. A*
49. ___ logic deals with the determination of the truth of a sentence.
Ans. Propositional
50. A ___ is a relation in which there is only one value for a given input.
Ans. Function
51. The notation α → β says that β can be derived from α by ___.
Ans. Inference.
52. An inference rule is sounding if the conclusion is true in all cases in which the ___ are true.
Ans. Premises
53. A ___ clause is one in which no variables occur in the expression.
Ans. Ground
54. ___ is the process of removing existential quantifiers by elimination.
Ans. Skolemization
55. ___ is a syntactic inference procedure that, when applied to a set of clauses, determines if the set is unsatisfiable.
Ans. Resolution
56. ___ algorithm is a straightforward recursion procedure.
Ans. Unification
57. In creating a ___, it is essential first to identify all relevant objects which will play some role in the anticipated inferences.
Ans. Knowledge base
58. In propositional logic, it is easy to determine that two literals cannot both be true at the same time.
(State True or False)
Ans. True
59. Languages with precisely defined syntax and semantics are called ___.
Ans. Logics
60. ___ are elementary atomic sentences.
Ans. Propositions
61. An ___ for a sentence or group of sentences is an assignment of a truth value to each propositional symbol.
Ans. Interpretation
62. Whenever a thought occurs to an agent, an actor may act upon it. What is this called? ___
Ans. REASON causation
63. What is the process of turning a predicate into an object in a knowledge representation system called? ___
Ans. reification
64. ___ Semantic Networks is an extension to Semantic nets that overcome a few problems or extend their expression of knowledge.
Ans. Partitioned
65. What is the for a collection of attributes or slots and associated values that describe some real-world entity.
Ans. frame
66. An object has a particular attribute if it has that attribute itself, or if it is an instance of a class that has that attribute. (State True or False)
Ans. True
67. The ___ indicates the number of slots that an object has and the name of each slot.
Ans. class
68. A ___ is a special class whose elements are themselves, classes.
Ans. metaclass
69. One way to determine the equivalence of the two sentences is by using ___.
Ans. truth tables
70. ___ networks are an alternative to predicate logic as a form of knowledge representation.
Ans. Semantic
71. Conceptual Dependency (CD) is a content theory of how to represent simple sentences and was created by___.
Ans. Roger Schank
72. ___ refers to a transfer of possession – the abstract transfer of possession from one person to another, as in a give or a buy.
Ans. ATRANS
73. ___ frequently uses ___ as an instrumental action.
Ans. MBUILD, ATTEND
74. What refers to the application of force to an object? ___
Ans. PROPEL
75. ___ and ___ are two primary flavours of conceptual-level relations.
Ans. CAUSE, BI-CAUSE
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